Which condition describes a lateral curvature of the spine?

Scoliosis is a condition characterized by a lateral curvature of the spine, often forming an "S" or "C" shape when viewed from behind. This abnormal curvature can occur in various forms, some of which may be congenital, idiopathic, or result from neuromuscular conditions.

Correctly identifying scoliosis is important because it can lead to various complications, including back pain, discomfort, and respiratory issues in severe cases due to the impact on thoracic capacity. Early detection and treatment are crucial to managing scoliosis and preventing progressions, such as the need for braces or surgical intervention.

The other options refer to different spinal conditions: kyphosis describes an exaggerated forward curve of the spine, typically in the thoracic region, whereas lordosis refers to an exaggerated inward curve of the lumbar spine. Kentosis is not a recognized medical term relating to spinal curvature, highlighting why scoliosis is the only appropriate answer for describing a lateral curvature.