When treating a second-degree heart block, which of the following is appropriate?

In the management of second-degree heart block, particularly types I (Wenckebach) and II (Mobitz), the appropriate treatment often involves addressing the patient's symptoms and stabilizing their heart rhythm. Administering atropine is a vital step in this approach because atropine is a vagolytic agent that increases heart rate by inhibiting the parasympathetic activity on the heart. This can be beneficial in cases where the heart rate is inadequate due to the block.

Placing a ventricular pacemaker is also crucial to provide electrical stimulation to the heart, especially if the block is persistent or if the patient exhibits significant symptoms, like hypotension or syncope. This combination helps ensure that the patient maintains an adequate heart rate and improves hemodynamic stability.

The other treatment options listed do not address the specific needs of a second-degree heart block effectively. For instance, while lidocaine is used for ventricular arrhythmias, it is not indicated for heart block. Adenosine is useful in treating certain types of supraventricular tachycardia but is not appropriate for managing heart block. Resuscitation protocols generally apply to more critical or unstable scenarios, which are not standard procedures for second-degree heart block unless there are significant complications or